Magnetic-cap over Mini-implant Abutment Applied in the

U-shape Maxillary Overdenture – Case Report

磁吸式微型植體 於上顎U形活動假牙的臨床應用

Chen, Tien-Kuan*, DDS
DDS, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
Chief, Roma Dental Clinic, Taichung Taiwan
　

摘要(中文翻譯)：

當上顎牙齒所剩無幾時，若採用隱形磁吸活動假牙來重建咬合，常可保留這些天然牙，以作為磁吸支柱牙之用。而天然牙位置如果分布得宜，其活動假牙只須做成舒適的U形（馬蹄形）即可，而不必做成蓋住整個上顎的大面積假牙；但若上顎臼齒區完全缺牙，為了維持假牙的固持力，只好被迫做成不舒適的大面積假牙。

一般而言，微型植體由於植入傷口微小、植入過程流血量極少、術後不必縫合、術後少有疼痛感等，對人體較低侵入性的特質，因此，也比較讓緊張型的患者所接受；但與一般大型植體相比起來，微型植體尚須考慮對於咬合力耐受度略遜一籌的難題。

本篇病例論文報告，乃示範由作者本人所研發設計的磁吸式微型植體，如何幫助上顎臼齒區完全缺牙的患者，做成舒適的小面積U形磁吸活動假牙，並在治療完畢後，持續追蹤一年之完整成效。

磁吸式微型植體，是將一磁吸帽，連結於微型植體上方。而將之置於上顎臼齒缺牙區，可視做由天然牙加裝而成，來執行磁吸支柱牙的功能。磁吸支柱牙為了讓出空間給磁石，其咬合高度通常會縮小些，卻因此較能避過咬合橫向破壞力量，其壽命也因而延長；按此原理，將微型植體的功能，設計成僅做磁吸之用，卻不負擔咬合力，則其使用壽命的延長，以至於整個假牙使用壽命的延長，同樣可以預期。

與一般大型植體相比而言，在重建上顎假牙時，磁吸式微型植體可在「治療期間較短、義齒支柱牙壽命較長、較低的侵入性治療、較為緊張型病患所接受」的諸多表現上，提供病患簡便的選擇。

Abstract: Patients afraid of severe invasive implant surgery yet with less residual maxillary natural teeth sometimes choose overdentures as a way of rehabilitation and somehow magnetic abutments are considered as one way of supporting elements for retention. If the abutments of natural teeth are located ideally, an U-shape maxillary denture base can be a comfortable choice instead of the one that covers the palatal side. However, if the arch is distally free end edentulous, the retention is going to be endangered and the denture base inevitably has to cover more so the U-shape one may be given up. Mini-implants are generally less invasive due to small wound, less bleeding, no suturing and often painless after surgery so that they are more acceptable for sensitive patients. But it is well known that mini-implants are not so stable as normal implants under the long term bite force. This one year followed case report is to demonstrate a design invented by Dr. Tien-Kuan Chen, the reporter of this case, to help form an U-shape denture base for a distal edentulous maxilla. it is a simple magnetic-cap cemented to the head of a mini-implant put at the distal free end spot and serves as a magnetic abutment just as it is done by a natural tooth. Magnetic abutments are usually made short to get less horizontal force, always as a hazard force, so that the abutments are less forced mobile and their lives are longer. If the major function of a mini-implant is merely as a magnetic abutment, it will gain the same benefits as well. In comparison with the traditional big size implants for maxillary rehabilitation, magnetic-cap over mini-implant abutments offer another simple option in ways of shorter treatment time, longer abutment lives, less invasive and more acceptable by sensitive patients.